Geogenic Contamination

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According to the Global Water Quality Index, India ranks 120th out of 122 countries in water quality, its ability and commitment to improving it.

Lack of access to safe drinking water is a daunting development challenge and a quarter of individuals globally do not have access to safe drinking water in their homes.

Non carcinogenic health effects of groundwater contamination are equally challenging as the carcinogenic risks.

Nearly 85 percent of the Indian population consumes groundwater and this groundwater can get polluted because of a number of contaminants - with fluoride being an important one.

Fluoride contamination of groundwater - a grave risk to health

Arsenic exposure, mainly through contaminated groundwater used for drinking, has widely been associated with detrimental health effects (

Where is water on earth located?

Water on earth exists in two forms, freshwater and salt water. Less than 3 percent of the water found on earth is freshwater, and the remaining 97 percent is salt water found in the oceans.

Groundwater in arid and semi arid regions continues to be a valuable and often the single most source of freshwater and conservation of this resource remains crucial for the survival of communities residing in the area. At the same time, a serious decline in the quality of groundwater is adding pressure on these water resources.

Extensive evidence of elevated arsenic in the food chain, mainly rice, wheat and vegetables exists.

Urban and rural areas rely on groundwater for drinking and around 90% of the rural people depend on groundwater for domestic purposes.