Research Papers

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Science to beyond science - to govern groundwater sustainably
Modelling or divining are two different methods used by scientists and farmers to trace groundwater availability in Tamil Nadu and can play an important role in sustainable management and governance of groundwater in the state. Posted on 26 Apr, 2023 01:16 AM

The state of Tamil Nadu depends heavily on groundwater for domestic, industrial, and agricultural use and this has led to rapid depletion of groundwater resources in the state.  Over-extraction in hard, arid rock areas like the districts of Dharmapuri and the alluvial Cauvery delta is very high and farmers continue to drill deeper wells.

Groundwater practices in Tamil Nadu (Image Source: India Water Portal)
Study suggests continuous monitoring of the water and soil quality in wastewater irrigated areas in Musi basin
Heavy metals, physical and biological parameters were analysed in water, soil, and crops in Musi River basin Posted on 25 Apr, 2023 05:01 PM

The large volume of wastewater remains untreated due to inadequate wastewater treatment facilities and the struggle to regulate it in many countries in the world. But it is being reused as a source of irrigation in urban and peri-urban areas.

Musi is polluted due to municipal sewage and industrial wastewater (Image: Muhammed Mubashir, Wikimedia Commons)
Desalination via solar energy for sustainable development
The economic viability of solar desalination methods is the primary obstacle Posted on 24 Apr, 2023 04:24 PM

Water shortage has become a serious barrier to the development of many areas of the world in the context of global warming. This has prompted the development of novel desalination techniques for brackish and seawater.

The challenge is of ascertaining how renewable energy sources can be utilized to operate a desalination system (Image: Vmenkov, Wikimedia Commons)
Recording the climate co-benefits of MGNREGS
CSTEP develops a framework for quantifying the climate co-benefits of MGNREGS works Posted on 16 Apr, 2023 05:12 PM

Usharmukti, a massive river rejuvenation programme launched by the Government of West Bengal, is implemented primarily through the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS), in collaboration with grassroot civil society organ

Women working on an NREGA site building a pond to assist in farming and water storage (Image: UN Women/Gaganjit Singh)
The fast drying Cauvery delta, at a tipping point
Groundwater depletion from shallow and deep aquifers due to overextraction and seawater intrusion are rapidly drying up freshwater resources in the Cauvery delta. Large-scale groundwater recharge campaigns to raise awareness and aid the recovery of water levels are urgently needed. Posted on 11 Apr, 2023 11:31 PM

Deltas around the world are under threat. Recent research shows that around 85 percent of the deltas of the world are shrinking

What are deltas

Cauvery river at Karnataka (Image Source: Ashwin Kumar via Wikimedia Commons)
Enhancing Sundarbans' early warning for disaster preparedness
Cultural adaptations to tropical cyclone warnings and impacts are crucial steps in limiting losses Posted on 11 Apr, 2023 10:32 AM

Due to its geographic location and low-lying coastal morphology, India's Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve (SBR) is extremely susceptible to cyclones and tidal surges. This deltaic region frequently sees cyclones that cause property damage and human casualties.

A woman searching for her utensils in debris of her house which collapsed after Cyclone Aila (Image: Anil Gulati, Wikimedia Commons)
Forests, water fountains of the skies
Forests greatly help in maintaining the water balance of nature by storing water during monsoons and making this water available during dry seasons. India urgently needs to save its forests to prevent droughts and the adverse effects of climate induced global warming. Posted on 04 Apr, 2023 11:30 AM

Forests world over are under threat.

Forests and soil moisture can act as buffers to store water during dry spells (Image Source: India Water Portal)
Tall and deep clouds will trigger intense spells of rain in India
This study finds that rainfall over the west coast of India is becoming more convective and creating sharp and intense rain spells over a short period of time. Posted on 31 Mar, 2023 07:30 PM

Extreme rainfall events in India can not only have a massive impact on the agricultural output, but also create havoc in urban areas of the country by affecting lives and livelihoods and destroying property and infrastructure. And India needs to be climate ready to deal with these in the future.

The changing monsoon in India (Image Source: India Water Portal)
Market value of treated wastewater will rise to rupees 1.9 billion in 2050
Only 10 states in India have treated wastewater reuse policies so far Posted on 29 Mar, 2023 07:26 PM

The market value of treated wastewater in India will be INR 830 million in 2025 and INR 1.9 billion in 2050 if we have the mechanism to sell it to select sectors, according to an independent study by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW).

Sewage treatment plant in Kavoor, Mangalore (Image: Asian Development Bank; CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Jharkhand's agroforestry potential
Study identifies 513 out of 32,620 villages in Jharkhand as potentially suitable for agroforestry work Posted on 16 Mar, 2023 12:29 PM

In order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), including enhancing livelihood, decreasing poverty, preserving the environment and biodiversity, and reversing climate change, agroforestry areas should be expanded in a variety of ways.

Agroforestry crops need land with sufficient soil moisture and low erosion for their continuous growth (Image: World Agroforestry)
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