Solar power project faces environmental backlash
An ambitious floating solar power project at Jayakwadi dam in Sambhajinagar district, Maharashtra, is facing opposition from environmentalists. The National Green Tribunal (NGT) has ordered an inquiry to determine if the project falls within the eco-sensitive zone. NGT has sought a report from the Union Environment and State Forest Department on whether the project is permissible and if it could possibly damage the environment and pollute the reservoir water.
The project site is a designated bird sanctuary and eco-sensitive zone, and critics argue that covering the reservoir with solar panels will disrupt aquatic life, contaminate water, and damage biodiversity.
The petitioner, Kahar Samaj Panch Committee, claims the project will have devastating consequences for the ecosystem. They argue that the reservoir is a crucial water source for the region and that the project will destroy the delicate balance of aquatic life. Additionally, they assert that the government is attempting to de-notify the area as a bird sanctuary to facilitate the project.
Environmental experts share concerns about the potential impact of large-scale floating solar projects on freshwater ecosystems. With limited data available on the long-term effects, they warn of irreparable damage to biodiversity and adverse changes to the local ecology. (The Indian Express)
Wayanad landslides: NGT starts suo moto enquiry
The devastating landslides in Wayanad, Kerala, have prompted the National Green Tribunal to launch a suo moto investigation. The bench has directed the Kerala standing counsel to collect data on trigger points such as roads, buildings and existing quarries in and around the affected villages.
Experts blame unregulated construction in the ecologically sensitive region for the tragedy. The Western Ghats Ecology Expert Panel (WGEEP) report submitted to Union environment ministry way back in 2011 had already identified Wayanad as highly vulnerable to landslides, but its recommendations were largely ignored. Similar concerns exist in Tamil Nadu, where unchecked development in hilly areas poses a significant threat.
The Wayanad disaster highlights the urgent need for stricter regulations and enforcement in landslide-prone regions. Experts recommend comprehensive studies to identify vulnerable areas, a ban on new construction, and increased green cover to stabilise the soil. The destruction of water bodies through encroachment is another critical factor contributing to landslides, as evidenced by the situation in Wayanad.
To prevent future tragedies, authorities must act swiftly to address the underlying causes of these disasters, including rampant deforestation, unscientific construction, and the disregard for expert recommendations. (New Indian Express)
Andhra Pradesh to create carbon market for mangrove conservation
The Andhra Pradesh Forest Department is launching a groundbreaking initiative to safeguard and expand the state's vital mangrove forests. By establishing a carbon market, the department aims to generate funds through the sale of carbon credits. These credits will be earned by preserving existing mangrove forests and cultivating new ones.
A public-private partnership will be formed to implement this project, which is expected to generate significant income and contribute to climate change mitigation. Approximately 5,360 hectares of land in the Krishna wildlife sanctuary have been earmarked for mangrove restoration and carbon credit generation. The project is projected to offset 1,650,000 tonnes of carbon emissions over the next two decades.
In addition to planting new mangroves, the project will also focus on protecting existing forests through various conservation measures. The department plans to continue its mangrove regeneration efforts for the next 20 years, with each new plantation contributing to the carbon credit pool. By participating in the carbon market, Andhra Pradesh hopes to demonstrate the economic value of mangrove conservation and encourage similar initiatives across the country. (The Times of India)
New Rules from Environment Ministry for environmental offences
To expedite the adjudication of environmental offences under the Environment Protection Act and Air and Water Act, the Environment Ministry has unveiled draft Environment (Protection) (Amendment) Rules, 2024, granting quasi-judicial powers to government officials. Under this, bureaucrats will have the power to investigate alleged violations and determine appropriate penalties. These changes come after the Jan Vishwas Act decriminalised 183 provisions across 42 central Acts administered by 19 ministries and departments.
The draft also outlines the creation of an Environment Protection Fund, which will be used for research, monitoring, and cleaning up pollution. Adjudicating officers will be appointed at both state and central levels to handle cases. Their decisions can be appealed to the National Green Tribunal.
To ensure effective enforcement, the rules grant adjudicators significant powers, including the ability to summon witnesses, collect evidence, and impose penalties. Non-payment of penalties can result in imprisonment. Public feedback on the draft rules is being sought. (The Indian Express)
Jharkhand High Court seeks water body conservation plan
The Jharkhand High Court has expressed dissatisfaction with the state government’s response to a public interest litigation regarding the deteriorating condition of water bodies in Ranchi. The court has ordered the government to present a comprehensive plan outlining its long-term strategy for protecting and conserving these vital resources.
The bench hearing the case highlighted the increasing encroachment on water bodies in the capital and sought detailed information on the government's actions to address this issue. The state government has been instructed to submit a detailed affidavit outlining its plans for the upkeep of lakes and reservoirs in Ranchi. The case will be revisited on August 28 to assess the government's progress. (The Times of India)
India's progress on Sustainable Development Goals: A mixed bag
NITI Aayog's SDG India Index 2023–24 indicates that India has made strides in achieving several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in poverty reduction, economic growth, and climate action. However, a closer examination reveals significant discrepancies between the government's stated goals and its actions on the ground.
While the report highlights achievements in areas like renewable energy, sanitation, and sustainable cities, it overlooks the challenges posed by environmental degradation, displacement of communities, and the dilution of environmental regulations. For instance, the ambitious infrastructure projects planned for the Great Nicobar Island and the ongoing neglect of the Ganga river contradict the government's claims of progress on climate action and clean water initiatives.
Moreover, the government's underfunding of crucial programmes like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) and the implementation gaps in flagship schemes such as the Namami Gange project raise concerns about the sustainability of these efforts.
The UN's assessment of global SDG progress further underscores the challenges faced by countries worldwide. The gap between stated ambitions and actual outcomes is evident, highlighting the need for stronger international cooperation and more effective implementation strategies. (The Wire)
Project Tiger faces backlash over forced displacement
A new report has accused India's Project Tiger of forcibly displacing hundreds of thousands of tribal and forest-dwelling people. The Rights and Risks Analysis Group (RRAG) claims that over 550,000 people are at risk of being evicted from their homes to make way for tiger reserves.
The report highlights the government's failure to provide adequate rehabilitation packages for those already displaced and warns of the immense financial and logistical challenges of resettling the remaining population. Critics argue that the creation of new tiger reserves has led to a disproportionate increase in displacement rates.
The report advocates for a model of coexistence between tigers and indigenous communities, citing the Biligiri Rangaswamy Temple Tiger Reserve as a successful example where tiger populations have thrived without forced displacement. The findings have sparked renewed debate over the environmental and social impacts of large-scale conservation projects in India. (The Times of India)
This is a roundup of important policy updates from 16th July to 31st July, 2024. Read our news updates here.
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