Girna

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Two ancient irrigation systems of India - Paper presented at the National Seminar on Water and Culture (2007)
This paper presents two different types of irrigation systems used in ancient India. Both are based on the overflow system of irrigation.
Mukund Dharashivkar
Posted on 14 Feb, 2011 05:03 AM

The Phad system of irrigation, is found in Maharashtra over the rivers Panzara, Girna and Burai, which are tributaries of Tapi.

Ideal historical river water use systems - Paper presented at the National Seminar on Water and Culture (2007)
This paper explains an ancient surface water irrigation technique known as "Phad" and its management in parts of Maharashtra.
Preadeep Bhalge
Posted on 14 Feb, 2011 12:02 AM

The Phad system of irrigation which has been going on for centuries, is found in the northwestern parts of Maharashtra in the three river basins of Panjhra, Mosam, Kan and Aram. Weirs were constructed on these rivers to divert water for agriculture use. These weirs are locally called Bandhara. Each independent Phad system comprises of a diversion weir, a canal on the bank and distributor channels for irrigation.

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