Wastewater Reuse and Recycling

This work on water footprint assessments represents a pioneering effort on documenting the water consumption in Jain Irrigation Systems Limited’s (JISL) production of dehydrated onions and of micro-irrigation systems. It also assesses the sustainability of this water consumption and formulate response strategies. 

Article and Image Courtesy: Consortium for DEWATS Dissemination Society

The November edition of e-Disha published by the Consortium of DEWATS Dissemination Society (CDD) has the following highlights:

Water Governance in Motion: Towards Socially and Environmentally Sustainable Water Laws focuses on the work undertaken by International Environmental Law Research Centre IELRC on water law reforms in India. It seeks to provide a broader understanding of the conceptual framework informing existing water law and ongoing reforms.

The sanitation systems studied are spread across the country. The study goes to Pratapnagar in Bihar to evaluate the success of the septic tank to Asalthpur in Uttar Pradesh to study the Ecosan (UDDT) toilet. Other locations in India include Maharashtra, Gujarat, Kerala.

As part of the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), the Ministry of Rural Development under the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission and UNICEF have brought out a compedium that details the various sanitation technologies available to above and below poverty line households .

The authors have divided the report into three subjects - the first being the need for household sanitation and the extent of the problem in rural India. The second section looks at sanitation technology in general with a focus on rural areas and technologies for different conditions. The third part deals with operation and maintenance of  such technologies  and  includes a chapter on components of a toilet.

This study by the Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO) assesses the status of water supply, sanitation and solid waste management in selected 300 cities and towns of India including all metropolitan cities and selected Class I and Class II urban centres. It estimates the requirement of funds for full coverage of population by these services in the urban areas of the country from 1999 to 2022 (at five yearly intervals). Overall, the study confirms the normal notion that the metropolitan cities are better provided for than the other size class of urban centres.

This document describes the details of the Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board Act, 1991 and includes:

• The short title, extent and the commencement of the Act
• The definitions of the terms used in the Act
• The details regarding the establishment of the Orissa Water Supply and Sewerage Board, conduct of business duties and powers of the board
• The details of vesting of property, assets, liabilities and obligations and transfer of property to the board
• Contract, finance, account and audits of the board
• Fees and charges decided by the board
• Definition of supply of water for domestic purposes under the Act
• Right of the owner or occupier to obtain sewer connection
• Penalties and proceedures
• External control

About CAT “MAR” (Multi Stage Aerobic Bio Reactor)

This reactor was developed with the aim to overcome the main problem associated with SBR, MBR & FABBR, i.e.,

• The plugging & clogging of filter and
• Wash out microbes from the reactor        

This manual has been developed by the Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organisation (CPHEEO), a department under the Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD) and  serves as a standard guide in public health engineering by providing a code of day to day practice for public health engineers to follow.

 One of the most serious issues of water management is the question how to allocate the water resources to guarantee sufficient amount of water for all demands. That is why, it can be expected that allocation management will gain further importance in the future. It is not exaggerated to declare that “the issue of allocation overshadows all other aspects of water management”.