National Institute of Hydrology (NIH)

The study is aimed at derivation of a spatially Distributed Unit Hydrograph for Temur watershed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based Distributed Unit Hydrograph Approach. The method for Distributed Unit Hydrograph computation allows for spatial non-uniformity of excess rainfall and is based on the time-area method derived using GIS.

In the study, the hydrogeomorphological parameters of Myntdu basin have been estimated from a digitized basin map where basic map data could be retrieved and manipulated quickly and accurately. The estimated geomorphological parameters of the basin covering linear, areal and relief aspects will be helpful in estimating and modeling the flow process in the basin.

The study applies TOPMODEL (Topography Model) to the Malaprabha catchment of Krishna river basin in Karnataka to simulate the daily flows at Khanapur site. The catchment area of Malaprabha up to discharge measuring site Khanapur is 520 sqkm. The model uses topographic index for the formation of runoff through development of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) by interpolating the contours in the basin at 300 m grid size.

The report describes the results of the study of arsenic pollution in groundwater in Nadia as well as the hydro-chemical study of the river Hoogly in West Bengal. The alluvial tract along the river Hoogly covering a stretch of around 470 km encompassing eight districts is affected by arsenic pollution of ground water, the source being geogenic.

In the present study, design flood estimation of Morel catchment of Rajasthan state is computed using the Synder approach, regional relationships as proposed by Central Water Commission, Clark's model, Soil Conservation Services (SCS) method and Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) based approach. 

The report presents an interactive software that has been developed to not only provide design flood estimates for large as well as small sized catchments but also help the users analyse their historical rainfall-runoff records for calibration and validation of the various techniques for part or whole of the catchment and river reaches.

The report describes a software developed by the National Institute of Hydrology (NIH) for reservoir analysis in view of the importance of reservoir operation problem in the Indian context and the non-availability of generalized software for reservoir analysis.

The study attempts to estimate the recharge to groundwater due to rainfall and irrigation using tritium tagging techniques in parts of Narsinghpur district under the Narmada catchment in Madhya Pradesh. The estimation of recharge to groundwater is crucial to better water resources management, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions.

The study was conducted with the objective of establishing the relationship between spectral reflectance of rice canopy and crop growth. Significant relationship was developed between spectral indices and growth period. The coefficient of correlation between crop growth period and spectral reflectance ranged from 0.41 to 0.97 for the plant growth stages and canopy reflectance in single band and ratio spectra.

The study presents detailed investigations of the chemical quality of groundwater in Jammu and Kathua districts (J & K), carried out to evaluate the suitability of water for various uses. The quality of groundwater of the area has been studied based on the physico-chemical analysis of thirty seven water samples collected from open wells between June and December, 1996.

Various parameters like pH, conductance, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, sulphate, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium have been determined for all the samples and compared with the standards to evaluate its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes.

Irrigation water quality has been computed on the basis of Doneen’s Permeability Index and residual Sodium Carbonate. The higher values of some parameters at certain locations indicate the contamination in groundwater and make the water unsuitable for specific applications.